Iman, Islam dan Ihsan

Hadis

Also on the authority of 'Umar, radiyallahu 'anhu, who said: "While we were one day sitting with the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam, there appeared before us a man dressed in extremely white clothes and with very black hair. No traces of journeying were visible on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down close by the Prophet, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam, rested his knee against his thighs, and said, O Muhammad! Inform me about Islam." Said the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam, "Islam is that you should testify that there is no deity save Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, that you should perform salah (ritual prayer), pay the zakah, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (the Ka'bah at Makkah), if you can find a way to it (or find the means for making the journey to it)." Said he (the man), "You have spoken truly." We were astonished at his thus questioning him and telling him that he was right, but he went on to say, "Inform me about iman (faith)." He (the Messenger of Allah) answered, "It is that you believe in Allah and His angels and His Books and His Messengers and in the Last Day, and in fate (qadar), both in its good and in its evil aspects." He said, "You have spoken truly." Then he (the man) said, "Inform me about Ihsan." He (the Messenger of Allah) answered, " It is that you should serve Allah as though you could see Him, for though you cannot see Him yet He sees you." He said, "Inform me about the Hour." He (the Messenger of Allah) said, "About that the one questioned knows no more than the questioner." So he said, "Well, inform me about the signs thereof (i.e. of its coming)." Said he, "They are that the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, that you will see the barefooted ones, the naked, the destitute, the herdsmen of the sheep (competing with each other) in raising lofty buildings." Thereupon the man went off. I waited a while, and then he (the Messenger of Allah) said, "O 'Umar, do you know who that questioner was?" I replied, "Allah and His Messenger know better." He said, "That was Jibril. He came to teach you your religion.""

Huraian

Hadis Jibril merangkum kerangka asas agama melalui tiga lapisan yang saling melengkapi: Islam, iman dan ihsan. Islam menerangkan amalan zahir, iman menerangkan keyakinan kepada perkara asas akidah, manakala ihsan membentuk kesedaran bahawa Allah sentiasa melihat hamba-Nya. Hadis ini juga menunjukkan bahawa tidak semua perkara ghaib perlu diketahui secara terperinci; ilmu yang bermanfaat ialah ilmu yang membimbing seseorang kepada pengabdian dan akhlak yang benar.

Huraian ini ditulis semula dalam Bahasa Melayu sebagai sintesis asal berdasarkan Sharh Arba'een an-Nawawi oleh Dr. Jamal Ahmed Badi, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), fortyhadith.iiu.edu.my. Ia bukan salinan atau terjemahan langsung daripada teks ulasan sumber.